Epictetus

c. 50 – 135 · Hierapolis → Rome → Nicopolis · Stoicism

Born enslaved, lamed by a master, free at last — the Stoic teacher who made the dichotomy of control the core of a usable philosophy.

“It's not what happens to you, but how you react to it that matters.”

Enchiridion (paraphrase of ch. 5)

Core ideas

  • Some things are up to us, some are not; peace lies in knowing which
  • It is not events that disturb us, but our judgments about them
  • Practice like an athlete: small, repeated, under load

Historical context

Taught in Rome until Domitian banished the philosophers (c. 93 CE), then founded a school in Nicopolis; his student Arrian published the notes we read now.

Key works

Discourses · Enchiridion

Questions they speak to

Minds in conversation

Sources

  • Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Epictetus